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JRHMS 2025, 4(1): 1-13 |
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Vali M, Ghaem H, Salimi Z, Salimi H. Comparison of the trend of incidence and mortality rates of male breast cancer in Iran with SDI regions: 1990-2021. JRHMS 2025; 4 (1) :1-13
URL: http://jrhms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-134-en.html
URL: http://jrhms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-134-en.html
1- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
2- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
2- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
Abstract: (14 Views)
Despite advancements in breast cancer research, the incidence and mortality of male breast cancer (MBC) continue to rise worldwide and in Iran. This study aimed to investigate the temporal trend of the incidence and mortality rates of MBC in Iran, with a particular focus on regional disparities based on the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) over 30 years (1990-2021). This ecologic study employed an analytic approach to investigate temporal trends in MBC incidence and mortality rates in Iran and six SDI regions. Data from the GBD 2021 study were used to compare trends across the six SDI regions. Joint point regression analysis was conducted to estimate the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). MBC incidence rates (ASIR) showed an overall upward trend (1990–2021), with significant regional variations. Middle and high-middle SDI regions had the highest increases (AAPC = 3.61 and 2.59, respectively), while lowmiddle SDI regions also showed consistent growth (AAPC = 2.17). High SDI regions displayed fluctuating trends, with increases during the 1990s, followed by declines. In Iran, ASIR rose significantly until 2019 (AAPC = 2.19), with a notable peak in 2004 (APC = 7.87) and a reversal in 2019 (APC = -3.92). The mortality (ASDR) trends were more variable. The high SDI regions saw significant declines (AAPC = -0.45), whereas Iran (AAPC = 0.65) and the middle and low-middle SDI regions experienced increases. The sharpest increases in both incidence and mortality in Iran were observed in men aged ≥ 70 years, with rates tripling over the study period. This study revealed significant regional and temporal variations in male breast cancer (MBC) incidence and mortality, driven by socioeconomic, behavioral, and healthcare-related factors. Urgent public health efforts focusing on early detection, awareness, and equitable healthcare access are critical to address the rising MBC burden, especially in the low and low-middle SDI regions.
Type of Study: Orginal Article |
Subject:
General
Received: 2026/04/25 | Accepted: 2026/04/25 | Published: 2026/05/23
Received: 2026/04/25 | Accepted: 2026/04/25 | Published: 2026/05/23
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